Well, punished up to a point. China have certainly got away with more than they were sanctioned for!
But this is why the whole situation is so batshit. We know for sure that at least those 4 countries faked DOBs, and they've all had at least one instance that went unaddressed (I say at least one because afaik the only North Korean example is the athlete who did the junior and then university competitions within a year, but the odds of her being the only one seem remote). What we don't know is the extent to which they were doing it, and how much evidence might be available but has never come up due to SOL. I make this point occasionally on Reddit to zoomer China fans who think it's not fair that the Eastern Bloc got away with all of it because of timing and want the SOL abolished. Any reopening process would have to go way beyond just Romania. Part of me wants to visit the parallel universe where the IOC and FIG have done just that, actually, if only for the chaos on some of the podiums.
Looking at all this with some distance, it's very lucky for the sport that the advantage of using younger gymnasts happened to fade away around the same time the internetisation of everything kicked in. Things could've got a lot more damaging otherwise. I'm not sure we appreciated at the time, even as the group at the epicentre of discussing this issue in 08, exactly how that could've developed. Or I didn't, at least. Maybe some of you were more forward thinking.